Complete Guide on Crypto and Digital Asset Taxation in Nigeria
If you’re reading this guide, then, Nigeria’s New Tax Law has taken full effect. There’s been a wave of information, questions, and different interpretations of the New Tax Law but what we have done in this guide is to carefully slice through everything to gather the facts.
We’ve received a series of questions from Flippers (FlipEx Users) concerning tax on crypto and gift cards, what narrations to use for withdrawals, and several other questions. In this guide, we answer these questions and many more.
If you use FlipEx to trade crypto or gift cards, this guide explains what the law actually says, what is taxable, and what is not applicable to crypto trading on FlipEx — with real examples and direct references to the law in a clear and simple manner.
How Will Nigeria’s New Tax Law Affect FlipEx Users?
To understand how Nigeria’s new tax law will affect FlipEx users, you first need to understand one simple thing: movement of money is not the same thing as income.
Under the Nigeria Tax Act, 2025, tax will be imposed on income, profits, or gains, not on every transaction that an individual makes. Section 4(1j) defines
“Income, profits or gains… includes—
(j) profits or gains from transactions in digital or virtual assets.”
One of the major goals of Nigeria’s New Tax law is to reduce confusion surrounding digital assets. Thus, it is important to note that Nigeria’s New Tax Law under Section 34 recognizes crypto and other digital alternative finance forms like gift cards as digital property, not as legal tender. What this means is that until crypto or gift cards are sold or exchanged for Naira, they will not be considered for taxation.
Additionally, Taiwo Oyedele, Chairman of the Presidential Fiscal Policy & Tax Reforms Committee, emphasised that the purpose of the reforms that birthed the new tax law is clarity, not increased burden:
“There is no imposition of tax on individuals who were not previously taxable… income from virtual assets has always been subject to tax; the new laws simply provide clarity and fairness.”
Does the New Tax Law Apply to Crypto in Nigeria?
Yes — but not in the way many people fear.
According to the Act, crypto and digital assets are taxable only when they produce income or gains.
“Income from virtual assets has always been subject to tax. The new tax laws do not introduce a new crypto tax — they simply provide clarity and fairness.”
Taiwo Oyedele, Chairman, Presidential Fiscal Policy & Tax Reforms Committee
This means:
- No new blanket crypto tax
- No tax on holding crypto
- No tax on wallet-to-wallet transfers
For FlipEx users who engage in crypto and gift card trading on the app, this implies that tax will only apply to the income made from trading crypto and gift cards. When crypto and gift cards are exchanged for cash, it is only the profits that you make from converting your Bitcoin to Naira and selling Apple gift cards to Naira that will be taxed, not the total value of the gift card or cryptocurrency.
For FlipEx users:
According to Section 4 of the Nigerian New Tax Law:
- Gift Card presents → Gift cards that you receive as gifts will not be taxed.
- Cryptocurrency presents → Crypto received as gifts will not be taxed but if the value rises, the difference will amount as profit. So, the difference will also count towards your income.
- Gift card trades → Only gain made on gift cards trades can be taxed.
- Crypto trades → Profits made on crypto trades qualify as income and are subject to tax. taxed.
- Gift Card & Cryptocurrency Deposits/Transfers → Not subject to tax as they do not represent profit.
This subject of crypto tax is a new one for everybody in Nigeria, and frankly, nobody wants to hear stories or fall for cryptocurrency scams. That is why we are taking our time to help you find answers to the many questions that you’ve been asking concerning crypto tax.
Let’s paint a clearer picture with some relatable examples.
Example 1: Gift Card Trading and Tax Implications
Suppose you buy a $50 Amazon gift card for ₦25,000 and you sell it on FlipEx for ₦30,000:
- Cost Price: ₦25,000
- Profit: ₦5,000 → taxable
Since you made ₦5,000 as profit on the gift card sale, it will count towards your total annual income which will then be taxed according to the tax bands.
Example 2: Crypto Trading and Tax Implications
Let’s say you buy 0.01 BTC for ₦2,000,000 and sell it later on FlipEx for ₦2,200,000:
- Cost Price: ₦2,000,000
- Profit: ₦200,000
The ₦200,000 profit will also count towards your total annual income and it will be taxed based on the rates in the applicable tax bands.
- If total annual income (salary + gift cards profit + crypto gains + Other income) = ₦3,000,000:
- First ₦800,000 → 0% tax
- Remaining ₦2,200,000 → taxed progressively according to the tax band
What is the Difference Between Capital Gains and Income Tax for Crypto and Gift Cards?
Capital Gains Tax (CGT) is applied on the income that you make when you sell crypto or you convert crypto to cash or other crypto while Income Tax is the tax applied when you earn crypto.
| Capital Gains Tax (CGT) | Income Tax |
| You bought USDT at ₦1,200 and sold it at ₦1,500 (you made profit) | You’re a freelancer and a client pays you in USDT |
| You swapped BTC for ETH and the value increased | You earn staking rewards, airdrops, tokens etc. |
| You converted crypto to Naira on FlipEx at a higher rate | You mine crypto and receive rewards |
| You held crypto and sold during a market pump | You trade crypto regularly as a business |
| You cashed out crypto after price increase | You receive salary or contract payment in crypto |
Simple Logic To Differentiate CGT, Income Tax & VAT
- CGT = “I sold it and made profit” - If money came from selling an asset (crypto) at profit.
- Income Tax = “I earned it as income” - If money entered your hand as payment or reward.
- VAT: “Tax on the service fees paid to the platform where the crypto is earned or sold”.
The platform will deduct these fees and remit to the government. FlipEx does not charge any fee so you will not pay any VAT on FlipEx.
Capital Gains Tax (CGT) used to be a flat 10% rate but under the New Tax Law, progressive rates now apply between 0% to 25% for individuals and 10% to 30% for companies.
For individuals, when computing your annual income, all the gains that you made from selling crypto (CGT) will be calculated as part of your income then all the crypto that you gained as income will also be taxed as part of your Personal Income Tax.
Do Transaction Narrations Matter for Crypto Tax?
Transaction narrations are great for record-keeping purposes but they will not be used to calculate your taxes. The most important things that the tax authorities will note are your income, gains and profit, and the documented trades.
The tax law and authorities will look at:
- What you earned or gained
- Documented evidence and records
- The legal definitions of taxable income
So, my friend, sending ₦50,000 labeled as “gift card sale” will not matter when calculating tax unless it represents a profit.
Thankfully, FlipEx keeps a very detailed transaction history that shows clear details about all your transactions so, it is very easy to see all your crypto conversion activities on the app.
Will There Be Any Deductions and Exemptions for Crypto Tax?
Yes, deductions and exemptions apply to Crypto tax. Like salaried workers, you can subtract allowable deductions specified under Section 20 of the New Tax Law before calculating tax. They include:
- Pension contributions
- Insurance premiums
- Rent Relief (Up to 20% of annual rent capped at ₦500,000)
- Other reliefs specified.
All these deductions will effectively reduce the amount payable for tax.
Tips to Keep Reports for Crypto (Digital Asset) Tax Compliance
It is very crucial to keep proper records of your crypto and gift card transactions. Crypto transactions are mostly stored on publicly accessible networks such as Blockchain so you can always compare your records to your transaction records on the networks.
FlipEx keeps a detailed record of all your transactions too and shares direct links to the right Block for each transaction. This makes it super easy for you to track transaction dates, amounts, Naira valuation, and purpose.
For gift cards, FlipEx also maintains a clear log of all your gift card trades with important details such as the exchange rate, Naira value, bonuses etc. All the records that you need to file a detailed report for your crypto and gift cards are available on FlipEx.
Best Practices for FlipEx Users
- Maintain detailed transaction histories (dates, amounts, Naira values, cost basis).
- Claim legitimate deductions (platform fees, transaction costs, mining expenses).
- Offset losses against gains where permitted.
- Apply exemptions and thresholds effectively.
- Prepare for tax filing annually to avoid penalties.
FAQs for Crypto and Gift Cards Tax in Nigeria
Will I be taxed on every FlipEx transaction?
No. Only realised profits or gains under Sections 3–4 are taxable.
Does transaction narration affect tax liability?
No. Tax is based on profit and income, not the narration in your transfer.
How do I apply deductions as a FlipEx user?
You will apply allowable deductions such as pensions, insurance, and other approved reliefs as prescribed under Section 20 of the New Tax Law to your total annual income. After these deductions are made, you will then have your final taxable income.
Are crypto gains taxable?
Yes, net profits from crypto sales or trading contribute to total taxable income under Section 4 of the New Tax Law. For Capital Gains Tax (CGT) the tax will be deducted from the income made on cash while Income tax will be deducted from the income made on crypto.
What Happens When I Do Not Make Gain On Crypto?
If crypto price falls and you sell at a loss, then there is no gain. And where there is no gain,
there is nothing to tax.
Are There Penalties for Not Filing Taxes?
Yes. Failure to comply and file your taxes can result in:
- Late filing penalties
- Interest on unpaid tax
- Higher fines for repeated non-compliance
How should I report my crypto and gift card transactions?
FlipEx prepares very detailed results that show your transaction dates, amounts, costs, exchange rates, and both crypto and currency valuations. You do not have to stress too much with FlipEx. Simply export your transaction history and you’ll be good to go.
Seeking Crypto Tax Understanding Over Fear
There are a lot of unfounded fears about crypto and digital assets tax under Nigeria’s New Tax law. The tax system follows a detailed structure which will guide its administration.
The key thing is for you to focus on what matters to you which are your profits, gains, and incomes. Once you have proper records of those, the tax system will simply help you to pay the fairest rate for your taxes.
Your FlipEx transaction history is your reliable companion and with it, you can be confident that all your transaction records are in place for you to enjoy your crypto transactions and stay fully tax compliant.
